Melanoma is the most deadly form of skin cancer. It can occur on sun exposed and non-sun exposed skin. Early detection is critical, as early melanomas carry a much better prognosis than advanced melanomas. Patients with a history of melanoma are at increased risk for developing additional melanomas and should have regular skin exams performed by a board-certified dermatologist. A family history of melanoma, red hair, fair or freckled skin, and a history of significant sun exposure, blistering sunburns, or tanning bed use increase the risk of developing melanoma, and patients with risk factors should see their board-certified dermatologist for regular skin exams. Any mole that grows, changes color, bleeds, or ulcerates, as well as any new suspicious mole, should be evaluated promptly.